Question:
Learning Outcomes
Create coherent and cohesive pieces of academic writing.
Compare, summarize and read academic texts.
Copy the text about university fees in your country (about 200 words) and paste it in part 1.
Next, highlight the key points and read the text.
PART I:
Text 1:
University fees in England
The tuition fees for universities in England will rise from 2017 to PS9 250 per annum. This could affect students who have started courses.
Inflation-linked fees will rise by 2.8% if they continue to increase. Fees could reach PS10,000 within the next few years.
Due to consumer protection regulations, universities will have to disclose the PS9250 fee prior the start of the next application cycle in September.
Until the limit is formally increased by Parliament, universities cannot charge fees higher than PS9,000.
According to the government, students who have started courses can be eligible for the increase. However, this will depend on individual university student contracts.
In the future, fees will rise.
Royal Holloway University and University of Kent are still deciding whether to increase fees for current students. However, they expect to apply the higher fees to students who start in 2017 if the fee limit increases.
While the University of Surrey won’t increase tuition fees for current undergraduates, fees will rise each year for students who started in 2017.
Jo Johnson, Universities Minister, has released a statement outlining plans to link higher tuition to better teaching.
Baroness Lorely Burt, a Liberal Democrat university spokesperson, said that “linking fees to teaching quality is unacceptable.”
Allowing any university with a’meet expectation’ rating to raise fees by 2.8% is not about teaching quality.
Let’s not pretend that this is a compromise to provide the best teaching quality students can expect.
Sir Peter Lampl is the chairman of the Sutton Trust education charity. He stated that the increase in fees will result in student debts that are by far the highest in English-speaking countries.
The removal of maintenance grants, which will most likely deter poorer students who now have debts of more than PS50,000 upon graduation, is a real concern.
Current students pay PS9,250 in tuition fees to universities -BBC News.
BBC News.
2. Make notes using your own words of the most important points. Part 2 is below.
Use your notes to answer the question in Part 3 below.
PART 3
In relation to tuition fees
They are important.
An outline is a diagram of the major ideas in your essay.
An outline is not a complete sentence. It should contain notes and in-text referencing details.
Highlight each part of the essay using a different color for each.
The following color code is recommended:
Topic sentence
Country A (England).
BLUE
GREEN
The concluding sentence
ORANGE
PURPLE
Here is your paragraph.
Next, color the parts.
Self-assessment essay (recommended word count 100)
Before you submit your portfolio, please complete this form.
Please leave some comments below about how you addressed the following criteria.
ESSAY STRUCTURE
A. Has a clear structure, including an introduction, body paragraphs and conclusion.
A clear thesis statement that identifies the sub-topics as well as the position.
C. Clear topic sentences in every main body paragraph.
D. Features of an essay, not a report.
CONTENT
E. has made direct comparisons between the two countries in each paragraph.
F. has commented on the lessons we can learn from these comparisons.
G. has included pertinent background information in the Introduction.
H. has included a summary and position suitable for the conclusion.
REFERENCING AND USE OF SOURCES
Minimum of two sources per paragraph.
K. uses Harvard style in-text citations.
M. has avoided plagiarism.
ENGLISH USE
O. Spells and punctuates precisely.
P. uses a variety of languages.
Q.
Things that you feel confident in (approx.
Things that you should be working on (approx.
You must ensure that:
An introduction, two main paragraphs and a conclusion are all required for your essay.
At least two references (intext citations), have been used in each main body paragraph (at most 4).
BOTH countries have been discussed in each of the main body paragraphs (point by point approach).
Title: Compare the higher education system of England with that of ……, in terms of quality and funding.
Which is better?
Answer:
Copy the text about university fees in your country (about 200 words) and paste it in part 1.
Next, highlight the key points and read the text.
PART I:
Text 1:
University fees in England
Text 2:
Australia’s university fees
The tuition fees for universities in England will rise from 2017 to PS9 250 per annum. This could affect students who have started courses.
Inflation-linked fees will rise by 2.8% if they continue to increase. Fees could reach PS10,000 within the next few years.
Due to consumer protection regulations, universities will have to disclose the PS9250 fee prior the start of the next application cycle in September.
Until the limit is formally increased by Parliament, universities cannot charge fees higher than PS9,000.
According to the government, students who have started courses can be eligible for the increase. However, this will depend on individual university student contracts.
In the future, fees will rise.
Royal Holloway University and University of Kent are still deciding whether to increase fees for current students. However, they expect to apply the higher fees to students who start in 2017 if the fee limit increases.
While the University of Surrey won’t increase tuition fees for current undergraduates, fees for students who started in 2017 will go up each year.
Jo Johnson, Universities Minister, has released a statement outlining plans to link higher tuition to better teaching.
Baroness Lorely Burt, a Liberal Democrat university spokesperson, said that “linking fees to teaching quality is unacceptable.”
Allowing any university with a’meet expectation’ rating to raise fees by 2.8% is not about teaching quality.
Let’s not pretend that this is a compromise to provide the best teaching quality students can expect.
Sir Peter Lampl is the chairman of the Sutton Trust education charity. He stated that the increase in fees will result in student debts that are by far the highest in English-speaking countries.
The removal of maintenance grants, which will most likely deter poorer students who now have debts of more than PS50,000 upon graduation, is a real concern.
Current students pay PS9,250 in tuition fees to universities -BBC News.
BBC News.
There are around 40 universities in Australia, including two international and one private universities. They offer all types of studies, from engineering and business to history and art.
Tuition fees can vary depending on what discipline you choose, the degree level, and the university.
Australia is the most expensive country for university tuition. The average tuition fee per year in Australia is 33,400 AUD.
Based on the degree level, average tuition:
Bachelor’s Degree: Between 15,000 and 33,000 AUD/year
Master’s or PhD degrees: Between 14,000 and 37,000 AUD/year (Costs and Lungu 2017).
Successful applicants for Commonwealth supported places are eligible to have their study costs subsidized by government.
All Australian public universities have Commonwealth-supported places.
Apartment rentals and other utilities account for the majority of expenses as the cost of living is prohibitively high.
A good solution is to get financial aid. Otherwise, it would be difficult to cover expenses.
Costs, S. and Lungu. M. 2017.
Study Abroad in Australia: Tuition and Living Costs – MastersPortal.eu.
2. Make notes using your own words of the most important points. Part 2 is below.
PART 2
Notes (Text 1)
Notes (Text 2:)
Universities in England cannot charge higher fees than the current limit of PS9000 per annum.
From 2017, the government has the power to increase tuition fees at universities in England by up to PS9,250 per annum.
All students enrolled in the course will be affected by the increase in fees, according to government regulations.
Royal Holloway and the University of Kent are not yet certain if they will charge high fees starting in 2017 or the current year.
However, it was decided to raise the fees for new students from 2017.
Jo Johnson, the president of universities, stated that fees and quality education will not be linked. The money is used for educational development.
The universities will meet with their management to discuss the increase in fees and the quality of education.
Due to increased debt, students from poor backgrounds will be unable to graduate.
Australia’s university is among the most expensive in the world.
Average tuition fees for a year are $ 33,400.
The tuition fees charged by universities vary depending on the degree of study that students are interested in.
If the student is applying in a place that is commonwealth-supported, the university costs are subsidised in large part by the government.
Students share their apartments with one another. To reduce costs and make it more affordable, they limit other privileges.
Use your notes to answer the question in Part 3 below.
PART 3
What are the differences and similarities between universities in Australia and England in terms of tuition fees?
They are important.
Both universities charge high tuition fees.
Students are finding it increasingly difficult to obtain higher education due to the rising cost of tuition at universities.
Universities in Australia are more expensive than those in England.
While the Commonwealth supports University students in Australia, such subsidies are not allowed in England.
The maintenance grant will be removed, which will increase student debt.
Universities in England are trying to raise tuition fees to improve the quality of their education.
While education in Australia is more expensive, the government attempts to subsidize fees so students can afford quality education.
An outline is a diagram of the major ideas in your essay.
An outline is not a complete sentence. It should contain notes and in-text referencing details.
Pay University Fees in Australia and England
In England, university fees are increasing each year.
The university fees in Australia are high, but vary depending on the state’s economic situation.
But loans are available from the government in commonwealth areas.
Thesis Statement
Students are finding it increasingly difficult to afford higher-quality education due to the rising tuition fees at universities in Australia and England.
Paragraph 1 MB
Paragraph Focus: Fees structure at Universities
England is Country A
Australia, Country B
* Tuition fees will rise each year starting in 2017.
* Gradually, tuition fees will rise to PS9 250.
Fees may rise to PS10,000 if inflation is higher than 2.8%
* Tuition fees for universities range from $33,400 per year to $33,400 annually.
* Tuition fees may vary depending on where you live.
* Higher degree programs or programmes may result in higher fees.
Paragraph 2 MB
Paragraph Focus: The Resulting Conditions
England is Country A
Australia, Country B
* Current and new students are not affected by the increase in tuition fees.
* This price increase is necessary to cover the costs of quality education.
* Students cannot afford the fees so they must work on campus.
* Fees may vary depending on where you are located.
* Students must share their accommodation because the cost of living in higher places.
CONCLUSION
Summary of the main points
* It is not necessary to increase tuition fees each year in order to ensure quality education.
* Students can have a negative impact on their education if they take on multiple campus jobs during the year.
Below, write a MB paragraph about your essay (funding OR Quality). Then, highlight each part using a different color for each.
The following colour code is required:
Topic sentence
Country A (England).
BLUE
GREEN
The concluding sentence
ORANGE
PURPLE
Here is your paragraph.
Next, color the parts.
From 2017, universities in England increased tuition fees by 5% per annum. The price will rise to PS9,250 annually.
The tuition fee limit is PS9000.
The limit on tuition fees in England is currently PS9000. However, the universities will charge higher fees than this amount.
The fees will rise every year if inflation rates exceed 2.8%.
As stated previously, a rise in tuition fees is fair and necessary to improve the quality of university education.
But, Johnson’s argument with authorities highlighted a contradiction in that statement.
Johnson stated that universities do not require an increase in tuition to provide education and improve teaching skills.
Students, especially those from low income backgrounds, are stressed by the sudden rise in tuition costs.
Some universities still have questions about the price rise.
Universities such as Surrey and Kent are still unable decide whether to charge the increased fees for current students or new students (Padro 2015).
The tuition fees for universities in Australia are $33,400 annually.
Australia’s universities have the highest tuition fees in the world.
Due to rising living costs, fees prices have risen further.
If you pursue a higher-level program or degree, the fees rate will increase.
The fees for bachelor degrees range from $15,000 to $33,000 annually, while the masters and Phd programme fees vary from $14,000 to 37,000 annually.
Students must work for a living to pay the high fees.
There are many universities with different tuition fees.
Students are eligible for grants from the government when they study in a commonwealth country (Hazelkorn 2015.)
Gradually, the university fees are increasing.
Due to rising living costs, students have to share their apartments.
It is important for students to consider the cost of higher education, particularly to foreigners and those who are less fortunate.
Students are required to work small jobs in order to pay for university fees. This hinders their education.
If students are not able to perform well and the situation is getting worse, such price increases will not be necessary for quality education.
Higher education quality.
Rankings and the transformation of higher education: The fight for world-class excellence.
Chowdry H., Crawford C., Dearden L., Goodman A. and Vignoles A.
Analysis using linked administrative data to increase higher education participation
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society), 176(2). pp. 431-457.
Before you submit your portfolio, please complete this form.
Please leave some comments below about how you addressed the following criteria.
ESSAY STRUCTURE
A. Has a clear structure, including an introduction, body paragraphs and conclusion.
The essay structure is well written and in vivid form.
A clear thesis statement that identifies the sub-topics as well as the position.
The thesis statement describes the overall condition, but not the sub-topic.
C. Clear topic sentences in every main body paragraph.
Each paragraph of the main body contains clear statements about the topic.
D. Features of an essay, not a report.
The content is written in an essay format without headings, bullets, or other points.
CONTENT
E. has made direct comparisons between the two countries in each paragraph.
It was a thorough comparison of the universities in Australia and England.
F. has commented on the lessons we can learn from these comparisons.
Yes, we have included the suggestions for the comparison.
G. has included pertinent background information in the Introduction.
Yes, background information was thoroughly researched and included.
H. has included a summary and position suitable for the conclusion.
The conclusion provides a clear overview of the topic.
Has written 750 words (+/- 10
Yes
USE OF SOURCES and REFERENCING
Minimum of two sources per paragraph.
Each paragraph must contain at least two sources.
K. uses Harvard style in-text citations.
Harvard style has been used for citations.
M. has avoided plagiarism.
Yes
ENGLISH USE
Correct sentences can be used.
O. Spells and punctuates precisely.
All spellings are correct.
P. uses a variety of languages.
Yes
Q.
Yes
You feel confident in:
I am competent in acquiring knowledge from the well-researched facts found on the internet.
I feel competent in extracting and understanding the facts, and then figuring out the management patterns.
It is also a joy to review and analyze the subject matter.
Things that you should work on
For better research and information, I should focus more on highly-refined sources.
I need to work harder on the structure and style of the body content.
Proper formatting and research explanations using factors require more work.
Comparative Study of Education in Australia & England
This essay will compare the Australian and English higher education systems and examine the funding prices of universities.
Further details are provided about the fees charged by universities and educational developments in each country.
Recent surveys show that students prefer universities in England to Australia.
Students find the universities of England more attractive because they offer lower fees.
The recent rise in fees at universities in England is a concern for students and the economy.
Universities are seeing an increase in tuition fees to PS9 250 per year.
Students protest against tuition fee hikes (Wakeling & Jefferies 2013).
The fees at Australian universities are $33,400 annually, but they are much cheaper.
Students choose British Universities today because of the greater affordability and future opportunities.
The same courses offered in universities in England cost less than those in Australia.
Despite the fact that universities fees in England have increased by PS9,250 each year, it is still lower than Australian university fees which are $33,400 per annum. This is three times the amount of fees in England (Wilkins Shams and Huisman 2013, respectively).
For a bachelor’s degree in Australia, the cost range is $15,000 to $33,000 annually. This is too much for both domestic and foreign students.
Commonwealth-supported universities are more affordable (Cantwell 2015).. Students from low socioeconomic backgrounds who seek better education must face discouragements.
While universities in Australia offer degree programs for students with a total of four years, universities in England offer the same courses in just three years. Universities in England are offering the same courses at much lower prices than universities in Australia.
The number of applicants for education courses at universities in England has increased significantly.
The plans for funding and cost management have been developed gradually at Australian universities.
Due to the high cost of living in Australia it is recommended that students share their rooms or apartments. However, this is not necessary for students who live in England, as they have access to dormitory facilities.
There are also different fees payment schemes for different years.
These guidelines are usually followed by reputable universities in order to provide quality education.
To pay tuition fees, students must agree to such a complex fee structure.
Students also agree to the pricing patterns in order to plan for their future.
Students have also reported that they are not provided with the promised educational development or extra qualities.
The university education and fees structure are not on the same level.
While the tuition fees have increased, the quality of the teaching and the methodology has not changed.
This is because of the rise in tuition fees at universities in England.
The government of England does not have any control over the current tuition fee hikes in universities (Verbik 2015.
The fees structure at Australian universities is too costly. They also have a strict education structure that focuses on broad courses. These require proofreading, long-term examinations and reading, as well as small projects.
Master’s and PhD program fees range between $14,000 and $37,000.
The entire course structure at universities consists of assignments and presentations.
Students in England follow a more traditional education system, while at universities in England.
The emphasis is on lectures and assignments in the classroom.
Students are not required to submit assignments, and universities grade students based on their final exams.
However, grades in Australian universities are based on different factors such as student performance, assignment submission and final examination (Metcalf & Stock 2017).
The management of different institutions in different states is also different.
Students in Australia apply for courses through one university and then apply to all colleges.
The Head of the university in England oversees and controls the colleges that offer specific subjects.
These colleges have their own autonomy and students can apply to the college or the governing university for specific subjects (Stephenson and Yorke 2013, 2013).
This essay concludes that the quality of education offered by universities in England will not be improved or better with an increase in tuition fees.
Both universities in Australia and England have similar education standards.
Students also reported that tuition fees and quality education are not up to standard.
The universities in England have the best funding, however.
Students prefer to study at universities in England because they offer similar courses with the same quality.
Students in England can afford the accommodation and do not share a room or an apartment like in Australia.
Students studying in England have less stress than students in Australia and can use their time to study without having to take on jobs.
Refer to the Reference List
International students are cash cows?
The relationship between international undergraduate enrollments, institutional revenue and public colleges and universities in America.
Journal of International Students, 5(4) pp.512-525.
Chiang, T. Mevlevioglu (G.), Natarajan, S. Padget, J., and Walker, I. (2014)
Visually displayed energy information can induce [sub]conscious energy behavior: A case study from university accommodation.
Energy and Buildings 70, pp. 507-515.
Metcalf, G.E.
The social cost of carbon and integrated assessment models: A review and analysis of the US experience.
Review of Environmental Economics and Policy 11(1), pp.80–99.
Stephenson, J., and Yorke M.
Higher education: Capability and quality
International branch campus: Models, trends.
International Higher Education (46).
Wakeling, P., and Jefferies K. (2013).
The effects of tuition fees on student mobility: A natural experiment in the UK and Ireland.
British Educational Research Journal, 39(3) pp. 491-513.
Wilkins, S.; Shams, F.; Huisman J.
Higher education: The impact of rising tuition fees in England on decision-making and behavior.
Educational Studies, 39(2): pp.125-141.