The avian flu was created in 1878 after it was found in birds. The disease, which was at the time referred to as the “fowl plague,” had a high avian fatality rate. Chickens are home to the H5N1 virus that causes pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) (Bi et al., 2015). The virus continues to spread and is dangerous to both people and animals. The pandemic flu virus was created by the HPAI H5N1 virus, considered the most serious pandemic form of illness. Although birds are the primary hosts for the virus, there are also ways for birds to spread the infection to people.
Although the avian flu initially only affected birds, it can also affect other hosts. It is significant to highlight that viruses adapted to birds are the disease’s primary cause. Pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is the type of flu that provides the most risk because other strains have changed over time. Initially spreading zoonotically amongst birds, the virus eventually evolved into new forms that could infect animals and people. Because humans are more susceptible to the virus, the pathogen’s spread from birds to people has terrible consequences (Lai et al., 2016). Even though there may be problems with transmission from one person to another, the virus successfully replicates in dead people. It is still necessary to research the transmission of influenza viruses between species, particularly avian influenza.
There is no substantial evidence that the new H5N9 virus will cause the next worldwide pandemic. H5N9 viruses do, however, constitute a substantial threat to human health, as evidenced in China, where the virus has caused a number of people to develop severe respiratory conditions and badly impacted the social and economic stability of the nation. Like other avian flu viruses, the virus may be transmitted from birds to humans.